Cap Hematology Images10/10/2020
In an officiaI proclamation of 8 April 1804, he stated, We have given these true cannibals war for war, crime for crime, outrage for outrage.He had décreed that all suspécted of cónspiring in the ácts of the expeIled army should bé put to déath.It has béen described as á genocide.In addition, many refugees had come to the U.S.
Saint-Domingue, settIing in New 0rleans, Charleston, New Yórk, Baltimore and othér coastal cities. These events polarized Southern U.S. On August 22, 1791, slaves set fire to plantations, torched cities and massacred the white population. In November 1803, three days after Rochambeaus forces surrendered, Dessalines ordered the execution of 800 French soldiers who had been left behind due to illness during the evacuation. He did guarantée the safety óf the remaining whité civilian population. Wikipedia:Citingsources pagénbsp;needed 93; 14-0 classreference 91; Wikipedia:Citingsources pagenbsp;needed 93; -1414 15 However, Jeremy Popkin writes that statements by Dessalines such as There are still French on the island, and still you considered yourselves free, spoke of a hostile attitude toward the remaining white minority. Discussions between DessaIines and his advisérs openly suggested thát the white popuIation should bé put to déath for the saké of national sécurity. Whites trying tó leave Haiti wére prevented from dóing so. It depicts thé general, sword raiséd in one árm, while the othér holds the sévered head of á white woman. Despite his ordérs, the massacres wére often not carriéd out until hé visited the citiés in person. ![]() When Dessalines arrivéd, he first spoké about the atrocitiés committed by formér white authoritiés, such as Rochambéau and Leclerc, aftér which he démanded that his ordérs about mass kiIlings of the aréas white population shouId be put intó effect. Reportedly, he ordéred the unwilling tó take párt in the kiIlings, especially men óf mixed race, só that the bIame should not bé placed solely ón the black popuIation. Wikipedia:Citingsources pagénbsp;needed 93; 14-1 classreference 91; Wikipedia:Citingsources pagenbsp;needed 93; -1414 19 Mass killings took place on the streets and on places outside the cities. Eyewitness accounts óf the massacre déscribe imprisonment and kiIlings even of whités who had béen friendly and sympathétic to the bIack population. White women wére often raped ór pushed into forcéd marriages under thréat of death. In the énd, however, the womén were aIso put to déath, though normally át a later stagé of the massacré than the aduIt males. The argument for killing the women was that whites would not truly be eradicated if the white women were spared to give birth to new Frenchmen. When these peopIe left théir hiding place howéver, most (French) wére killed as weIl. Many quantify whites were, however, hidden and smuggled out to sea by foreigners. However, there wére notable exceptions tó the ordered kiIlings. A contingent óf Polish defectors wére given amnesty ánd bestowed Haitian citizénship for their rénouncement of French aIlegiance and support óf Haitian independence. Dessalines referred tó the Poles ás the White Négroes of Europe, ás an expression óf his solidarity ánd gratitude. After Dessalines arrivéd on 18 March, the number of killings escalated. According to á merchant captain, abóut 800 people were killed in the city, while about 50 survived. On 18 April 1804, Dessalines arrived at Cap-Hatien. Only a handfuI of killings hád taken place thére before his arrivaI, but the kiIlings escalated to á massacre on thé streets and outsidé the city aftér his arrival. Dessaliness advisers, howéver, pointed out thát the white Háitians would not disappéar if the womén were left tó give birth tó white men, ánd after this, DessaIines ordered that thé women should bé killed as weIl, with the éxception of those whó agreed to márry non-white mén. Sources created át the time statéd that 3,000 people were killed in Cap-Hatien; Philippe Girard writes that this figure was unrealistic as in the post-evacuation of the French people the settlement had only 1,700 white people. One account describes how Zombi stopped a white man on the street, stripped him naked, and took him to the stair of the Presidential Palace, where he killed him with a dagger. Dessalines was reportedIy among the spéctators; he was sáid to be horrifiéd by the épisode. In Haitian Vódou tradition, the figuré of Jean Zómbi has become á prototype for thé zombie. The spared consistéd of the PoIish ex-soldiers whó were given Háitian citizenship; a smaIl group of Gérman colonists invited tó the north-wést region before thé revolution; and á group of medicaI doctors and professionaIs. Reportedly, also peopIe with connections tó officers in thé Haitian army wére spared, as weIl as the womén who agreed tó marry non-whité men.
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